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City of Bonn

Tree 16: Flowering ash

  • Fraxinus ornus
  • Europe, Asia Minor, Caucasus, Northern Persia

Genus

Fraxinus is the Latin name for the genus ash; there are three species in Europe, the common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), the manna ash (Fraxinus ornus) and the narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia). However, the rowan does not belong to the ash genus.

The genus comprises 65 deciduous species with many different variations, ranging from vigorous, expressive trees with a crown height of up to 40 meters to small-crowned weeping trees with unpaired pinnate leaves, up to 13 individual leaves, up to 40 centimeters long.

In their native habitats, they are mostly at home by flowing water, streams and rivers, and thrive in dry areas and fallow land. With their great expressiveness and striking effects, they are very important in our parks, streets, gardens, riverbanks and forests. Particularly striking are the large fragrant flowers, the large black winter buds and the hanging clusters of seeds in the fall.

The ash is frost-hardy, drought-tolerant, resistant to urban climates and can also be found as a riparian tree and in areas prone to slipping.

Ash wood is a sought-after tough, flexible wood for furniture, tool handles and, in the past, skis.

Since ancient times, the ash tree has also been known as a symbol of power and water.

Information on the species

Fraxinus ornus is a striking ornamental tree in parks and gardens with striking white, fragrant flower panicles. The so-called manna can be obtained by scratching the bark. This is a solidified bleeding sap with the active ingredient mannitol or mannitol (sugar alcohol) for medical treatment.

Distribution: Southern Europe, Central Europe, Asia Minor

Growth: small tree or large shrub with a rounded crown up to 15 meters high and ten meters wide

Bark: gray, smooth, winter buds mouse-grey, tomentose, hairy

Leaves: deciduous, unpaired, pinnate petals, up to 20 centimetres long; leaflets mostly in sevens, ovate-elongated, up to seven centimetres long, rich green; yellow in autumn

Flowers: large, sweet-scented flowers, creamy white, densely terminal, woolly

Fruits: winged nutlets (twisted nuts), four centimetres long and ten centimetres wide in clusters, narrow with a dipped tip, fast-growing

Remedy: The active ingredients mannitol or tannins are used, for example, for constipation or intestinal disorders